It’s because this eclipse is all American: the shadow of the eclipse will pass from the west coast of Oregon all the way to the east coast of South Carolina. It’s the first time a total solar eclipse has passed from one coast to the other in 99 years.
Here’s a trusty map, courtesy of NASA:
That shaded band cutting across the US is the path of totality — which is about 70 miles wide. That’s the area where the Moon’s shadow will track across the planet’s surface, which is the result of the Moon moving in its orbit and the Earth rotating. Anyone within this region will see the Sun completely covered up for a short period of time.
The shape of the Moon’s shadow won’t be completely smooth. That’s because the Moon isn’t a symmetrical sphere, but is covered in mountains, craters, and valleys. NASA can accurately predict the exact shape of the shadow, thanks to NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and Japan’s SELENE lunar orbiter — both currently in orbit around the Moon. These spacecraft have taken elevation data of the lunar surface to calculate the shape of Earth’s satellite.
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